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Copyright © 2005
East Greenbush Amateur Radio Association
All Rights Reserved
We will be developing some CW and putting them here. In the meantime, here are a few CW-related links and a list of commonly used CW ProSigns
Prosigns are symbols formed by running together two or more individual characters into one single character (without the customary space between characters). These are abbreviations for the most commonly needed signals. They are usually written with a bar over the characters (e.g., AA). See the ARRL's National Traffic System Methods and Practices Guidelines chapter "Sending Messages on CW" for their authoritative list.
| ProSign | Meaning |
|---|---|
| AA | End Of Line |
| AAA | Full Stop |
| AR | End of message |
| AS | Stand by; wait |
| BT | Separation between message blocks ("break"), e.g., between address and text, between text and signature. |
| HH | Error in sending (8 dits): transmission now continues with last word correctly sent. |
| II | Short form of above <HH> |
| IMI | "Say again" or "I say again" (difficult or unusual words or groups) |
| NR | Number follows |
| SK | Out; Clear; End of Work (i.e., end of communications: no reply expected: "Out") |
The following (without the bar) are other commonly used two letter procedural signals: some Hams run them together, others do not, depending on their own preference; e.g., many operators add a space between the "C" and the "Q" in the "CQ" call.
| ProSign | Meaning |
|---|---|
| BK | Break |
| CL | Going off the air (closed) |
| CQ | Calling any station |
| DE | From ("This is ...") |
| KA | Beginning of message |
| KN | Go only: i.e., invite only a specific station to transmit |
| VE | Understood |
| ProSign | Meaning |
|---|---|
| C | Correct; yes ("Affirmative") |
| K | Go ahead; invite any station to transmit ("Over") |
| N | no "(Negative)" |
| R | All received OK ("Roger") |
| V | Test (commonly repeated three times) |
Overall, the most commonly heard prosigns are probably CQ, DE, HH, AS IMI, R, K, and SK.
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